Shingle



Patented Aug. 3,1920.

A. R. I UKENS, JII.

SHINGLE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. I3. I9I9.

lI-*fl 6: #-41 rarest erstes. l

ALAN R. LUKENS, JR., OF WYOMING, OI-IIG.

SHINGLE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 13. 1919. Serial No. 323.548.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALAN Ix. LUKENs, Jr., a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Ilyoming, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shingles, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specification.

My invention relates to `shingles vmade preferably from roofing felt material impregnated and coated with a bituminous product, surfaced as desired to present a slate or tiled appearance. The particular kind or composition of material is not, however, essential to my invention, which deals rather with a specially cut shingle or strip shingle, which will give an artistic appearance, :far beyond the usual style of strip shingle, and which at the same time can be cut with no waste material whatever. i

It is my object to provide a'shingle of composition material which can be laid as easily as the usual composition strip shingle, andwhich provides equal protection against the weather and yet achieves a more varied and unique result. It is also my objectv to provide a single strip that presents the apgpearance of a paneled effect, superior yet `,similarto shingles laid for the wide spaced effect, thereby departing from the appearance of the individual standard shingle, as n ormally laid, z'. e. in horizontal courses, each shingle in a course'jnfactically in contact With the adjoining shingle. Furthermore I provide a roof of greater protection against weather tha'n 'shingles laid wide spaced. I

Individual standard shingles differ from the individual wide spaced shingles in dimensions, the former being eight by twelve and three-fourths and the latter being usually nine by sixteen, or nine by fourteen. @here is nothing to prevent the smaller shingles being laid to give the paneled effect, however. In laying shingles to obtain the wide spaced or paneled effect, the result is similar to that shown in the drawing of this specification, but the defect of this latter form of shingle lies in the fact that it must be very carefully laid or exposure to the weather will result, because the overlapped portion of each shingle which .engages over the lateral edges of the adjoining shingles is a trap for water, when blown against the roof. Also this overlapped portion tends to be bent inwardly, because of the hollow space beneath it.

`The inwardly bent portion does not present a satisfactory appearance to many purchasers, and tends to flatten out the appearance of the roof.l Also shingles are generally laid in warm weather, and when subjected to cold will contract, which results, in this particular form of roof, in raising up the bowed or bent in portions of the shingles, and exposing the lwater trap. Then dammed up by ice and snow, and in winter storms generally, is the very time when shingles are subject to leakage, and this wide spaced shingle is thus at its worst during the most dangerous seasons of the year.

In referring to the bow in wide spaced or paneled shingles, I have in mind composition shingles, since wood or slate when laid in this manner as on steep gables and mansards do not, of course, have any bow.

In my device, however, these defects are done away with, since there is always a thickness of material at the upper end of every pocket formed by the overlapping shingle portions, thereby doing away with the water trap and the bulgedn appearance as well, should my shingle strips be laid in such a way as to leave a pocket, otherwise there will be two edges presented to the weather, all as will be more fully described hereinafter.

According to my invention, I cut out my material for the strips, by merely removing from a double width piece of composition material, interspaeed commercial size shingles, after which the double width strip is split longitudinally, resulting in the product of mytinvention, having adjoining extensions and depressions of an equal width, and providing as a by-product a salable article.

My various objects and advantages I accomphsli by that certain construction and Patented aug. s, ieee.

dii

arrangement of parts to be hereinafter more specifically pointed out and claimed.

In the drawing,

Figure l is a plan view of a double width strip, with the various lines ot cut. made in the prepa ation of my new shingle device, shown in full lines.

Fig. Q is a plan view of a rootl made up of the strips.

Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 3, 3, of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4c is a view similar to Fig. l, with a horizontal instead of a vertical cut-out.

As shown in the drawing, a double width strip l of composition material, with a bituminous tiller and a crushed stone coating, is placed in a machine, and the pieces 2 cut out, these pieces in the example selected t'or illustration of my invention being eight by twelve and three-fourths inches. rThe spaces between the cut-out portions 2 will preferably be ten inches, and the width of the so-called double width space will be twice that decided upon for the depth of the resultingr strip shingle, as, for example, thirty-two inches.

lt is evident that the cut-out portions 2 will be nothing more nor less than individual standard shingles, and salable as such, or at least ot a size which will be a marketable article.

After having cut out the merchantable shingle portions, the material is split longitudinally through the cut-outs as at 3, thereby forming two opposed shingle strips having alternate extensions and depressions or spaces and a continuous body. These pieces are then cut across into the desired size of strip for handling. ln one method ot running the material througi the cutter, l provide a wide piece and make a series of cutouts across the piece. T he cutting to make the opposed halves is also done across the piece, and this l term a longitudinal cut, because it is longitudinal of the finished sections.

As each full piece comprising two sections comes off the machine, the material is again cut across, and the process continues. 'ihe cross cut-s ft are made in dividing the sec@ tions into lengths for handling. A

As is evident, l may also treat the sheet ot material longitudinally throughout, considering the cut-outs as made in a series lengthwise of the piece, the cuts 3 will then be made lengthwise of the piece asvit comes through the machine. and the various double width pieces comprising each two sections w`ll be divided by another cut which is also lengthwise ot the piece.

Dependent upon whether l desire the extensions wider than the spaces between them, l arrange the position ot my cut-outs, so that they lie lengthwise or crosswise of the line oi' cut 3. Ot the two above descriptions iin/isses of ways of cutting the material, l may say that they are merely inserted herein to disclose some way ot' treating the material in order to obtain the product and employ the process of my invention, and not as limitations upon my invention.

lllhile the sections shown in the drawings are opposed sections or rights and letts, with two extensions or shingle portions G for each section, it should be understood that the real unit oi' my construction is an E shaped piece comprising one shingle porti-on and one cutout portion. Thus the lengthv of strip used, or the number of units left in the lengths is optional, as are also the dimensions optional.

lVhile the construction shown in Figs. 'l to 3 ot mv drawings is drawn to a scale to result in an individual standard size shingle 2, cut out from the double width strip, these portions 2 spaced apart sufiiciently to leave a ten-inch extension between each cut-out, lit should be understood that this is also op tional. The essentials of my method of prepl aration ot the new strip shingles are ac cording to mv present understanding, the cutting out of a usable shingle from an oversized strip, which 'when cut lengthwise will leave strip shingles in which the shingle extensions and cut-out portions are not of equal size.

Thus while l do not get the same edect as above described, in instances where the cut-outs are wider than the remaining extensions between them, l obtain a pleasing effect, with the same general advantages by cutting from a double width strip such as shown at 20, Fig. 4, longitudinally placed shingles 2l. These outputs are situated apart a distance less than the length ot the shingle cut-outs, and accordingly the resulting strip shingle will. be of a substantially different appearance when laid, than the preferred form ot my invention.

|llhe principle of this method of forming a strip shingle is, however, ot the same na* ture as that involved in the preparation of the preferred torni, and each method involves the use of a double cutting of the strip.

So tar as l am awa-re. no one in the past has employed a. method of' cutting out a strip shingle, which involved cutting the shingle portions through the middle of a wide strip, and leaving the edges of the shingle shaped or unshaped as desired, said cutting resulting in the formation ot shingled extensions and alternate spaces, the spaces being of substantial width, and the spaces and extensions being of different relative widths.

ln the method described of cutting out salable shingle pieces trom a double or wide strip of material. and then separating the long resulting strips into sections to facilitate handling, there will result the forma lll@ ing on one strip of a double width piece and the lefts on the other.

In laying such pieces, coming back to the specific form shown as preferred in my drawings, the first strip laid will have its shingle portion 6 along the ede of the roof. This will be termed a left A row of lefts will then be laid across the roof, in one course The next course will begin with a right, so that the inner edge 7 of a cut-out portion will lie over the. extension 6 of the first strip laid, and the side edge 9 of the strip Will be flush with the edge of the roof.

, rIhis establishes the second couise, which will all be of rights, so that in my new strip shingle, there is no space lef't at the edge oQf the roof to receive special treatment,

nor is there any need for determiningthe v position to be taken in thecourses, since the edge of the roof is suflicient guide.

Referring to the main or continuous body portions of the strips as 8, and the lateral overlappingedge ofthe shingle portions as 6a, it may be observed that throughout the roof when laid as above described, there is a double .thickness of material, and that none of the overlapping parts have an air space between them. f

In. dealing with the number of plies of thickness of the completed roof, it should be understood that the width of the continuous body portion with relation to the width of the exposed shingle portions will control the amountof underlying material, and that the wider the body portion or butt-, the more underlying material there will be to the roof.

At the edges 6a there are three thicknesses of material, and at the lap 6 there is a double thickness. In this way, the wide spacedV shingle effect is given without any caving in of the shingle portions.

Moreover, due to the side lapping portions 6, the underlying shingle portions which are lapped thereby may be nailed to the roof as at 10, without resulting in an `exposed nail. This makes for greater strength in the shingles to resist the tendency to bend upwardly, and thus reduce the Water-tightness and injure the appearance of the roof.

Due to the fact that the body portions of the shingle strips may be'deeply underlaid `at all times, it is possible to arrange my shingle strips at different positions on a roof to give special effects. rllhus instead of the shingle portions of one course being brought down to lie flush at their ends with the inner edges 7 of the cut-outs, they may be extended down over the cut-outs. To be true, this would provide a water pocket, but there is no danger of leakage because there is a dam formed across the space formed by the inner wall of the depression of the preceding course, and due to the fact that the nailing can be done of, the extensions, beneath the side-lap oi' the next course. As h as been briefly noted, the practical diiliculties of the panel effect roof made of individual shingles is that heat and cold affect the roof materially. In my roof, lthere may be expansion and contraction of the strips without exposing the roof to leakage, due

. to the presence of the continuous body portions as at the butt of `each course.

The eifect of thev sidelap is further to give greater strength to the shingle portions of' the preceding course of strips, and as the cut-outs decrease in width in comparison to the shingle portions, the stronger is the roof in consequence.

A further point of strength in the root resulting from the use of my new strip shingle is that the lines of' connection between the individual strips of each course as indicated at ll (Fig. 2) are well lapped by the shingle extensions of the next course.

ot only this, but the joint is covered by a 'double thickness, since the side-lap of the next course but one will also overlie this joint.

By reference to special dimensions, double `width strips, wide space shingle, individual shingle, and technical terms of this nature or of like character, it is not intended to liniit thereby the scope of my invention` as set forth in the following claims, since where details have been dwelt upon, it has been for the purpose of explaining one or more c ways in which my invention is possible of being exercised, and not of laying bounds for my invention, which I believe is of broader nature than any one particular strip shingle or method of making the same.

The shingle produced without waste b'y my invention, provides great saving in niai'erial in laying the roof since the panel efy feet is employed thereby cutting down the amount of' exposed material. The panel effect, together with the raised and nonbowed or drooping appearance cuts down the flat appearance when laid, and still the full protection is gained. As a roong tile or strip my device thereby possesses the maximumeconomy, the maximum security and in addition gives a greatly improved appearance. l

There Will be no necessity of changing over the cutting machines to supply the individual shingle effect, as in the past, in most factories, where the strip cutters have usually been called upon frequently for individual shingle cutting. rI`he present day strip shingle is but half the width of the double strip, while .it can be observed that my shingle strip may be much wider, thereby providing with equal or greater economy a much wider body portion.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent. is:

l. A strip shingle unit, adapted for obtaining varieties of panel-like and interlaced eii'ects when laid in overlapping courses without exposure of the roof foundation beneath, said units abutting each other lengthwise of the courses. which unit comprises a body portion having at least one extension projecting laterally therefrom and at least one space along the body portion free of such projection` said extension and space being of different relative Widths and the space being oi' suiiicient width to forni a 'panel-like exposure haring a substantial body as distinguishable from the lines surrounding it, hereby the bounding line ot spaces and projections in a roof laid from. such units. will forni a continuous line of broken outline transverse the courses.

'1" X strip shingle unit, adapted for ob- 'taining varieties of panel-like and interlaced eliects when laid in overlapping courses without exposure of the roof foundation beneath,- said units abutting each other lengthwise ot' the courses, which unit comprises a bod \v portion having at least one extension projecting laterally therefrom, and at least one space along the body portion free of such projection, said space being of less width than that of the extension and the space being of suliicient width to form a panellike exposure having a substantial body as distinguishable from the lines surrounding it, whereby the bounding line of spaces and projections in a roof laid from such units, Will form a continuous line of lbroken outline transverse the courses.

3. Pairs of strip shingle units for roof covering, same bein alike characterized by body portions having at least one shingle extension projected laterally" therefrom, and one space along the body `portion from which no extension is projected, said spaces being unequal in size with relation to .the extensions, and of substantial size as compared toa slot, said units having one face only adapted for exposure, and the units of the pair differing in that one has an extension at one end and a space at the other, said arrangement of terminal space and extension being reversed for the other unit of the pair.

4. A strip shingle unit adapted for obtaining varieties of panel-like and interlaced effects when laid in overlapping courses Without exposure of the roof foundation beneath, said units abutting each other lengthwise of the courses, Which unit comprises a body portion having at least one extension projecting laterally therefrom and at least one space along the body portion free of such extension, said extension and space being of diiierent relative widths, and the space havin@ substantially thel Width of a shingle or tile, with a resultant extended exposure of material underlying it.

ALAN n. LUKENs, JR. 

